An optical image, taken by a video camera, is transformed into an electrical signal. The images refer to a two-dimensional function of light intensity, know as the gray level. Once digitalized, the signal is stored in the form of matrix with M x N points, the elements (pixels) of which represent the gray tone of each point of the image (G being the number of gray values). The greater the value of M, N and G, the better the image resolution.
A digital image by itself does not provide information to the computer, but must be processed so that the computer, but must be processed so that the computer, by means of a programmed can extract the information that is useful to it. With the image processing algorithms it is possible to improve, emphasize and modify an image, to extract its characteristics, to obtain a digital image from data, or to generate data from other data .
The equipment communicates with a computer (PC) for its handling, programming and interchange of data and images. It is controlled by means of computer via RS-232.
Processing times : 40 ms/image for the tasks in real time (TR). High speed for the remaining tasks (i.e. 80 ms/image for the Sobel masks).
In the absence of a monitor and video camera, the equipment can process images stored on the hard disk and display them on the computer's monitor (not in real time). It has three memories with a size of 65536 bytes.
Descriptions:
VISION is a teaching equipment for image processing able to process images in real time or video rate. The computer (PC) will only carry out configuration, control and storage tasks. The equipment is able to work images of 256 x 256 with G = 256. The entire system is synchronized with a clock signal of 40 MHz (period of 25ns).
The equipment consists of:
- A rack panel-frame , including power rack.
- Control Software
- A/D and D/A Converter
- Look Up table that performs image contrasting operations
- 3 Memories for the storage of the image
- Convolution unit and module
- Arithmetic logic unit
- Programmable Connection Network with 3 multiplexers included in the Pipe-Line, bus for data and directions of the DSP.
- Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
- Terminal which allows the input and output of digital video as well as the necessary control signals, in such a way that it can cope with the connection of different extension modules.
The Image Processing Circuit in real-time , be considered as an algorithmic machine that can be divided into:
- Processing Unit : constituted by a series of Calculation Resource and Programmable Connections
- Control Unit : responsible for the generation of the necessary control signal for the correct operation of the system. It is designed with EPLDs and has a Pipe-Line circuit.
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